Umubano w’u Rwanda n’u Burundi wongeye kugarukwaho mu biganiro bya dipolomasi n’umutekano, nyuma y’imyaka myinshi y’umwuka mubi waranze ibihugu byombi, ukarushaho gukara kuva mu ntangiriro za 2024.
Mu mpera z’icyumweru gishize, inzego z’umutekano z’u Rwanda n’iz’u Burundi zahuriye mu nama yihariye, igamije kureba uko ikibazo cy’ukutizerana n’umwuka mubi bikomeje kwiyongera byakemurwa.
Aya makuru yemejwe na Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga n’Ubutwererane w’u Rwanda, Olivier Nduhungirehe, wavuze ko ibiganiro byabaye mu rwego rw’umutekano bigamije kongera kubaka icyizere no kugabanya amakimbirane amaze igihe ahungabanya umutekano w’akarere.
Umubano w’ibihugu byombi umaze imyaka utifashe neza, cyane cyane kuva mu 2015, ubwo u Burundi bwashinjaga u Rwanda kwakira no gutera inkunga abantu bashatse guhirika ubutegetsi bwa Perezida Pierre Nkurunziza. Ibi birego u Rwanda rwagiye rubihakana kenshi, ruvuga ko nta shingiro bifite kandi ko bishingiye ku makuru atizewe.
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Nyuma y’aho, u Burundi bwakomeje gushinja u Rwanda gutera inkunga umutwe wa RED Tabara urwanya Leta ya Bujumbura, ibintu Kigali yakomeje kwamagana ivuga ko ari ibinyoma bigamije kuyobya amahanga no guhisha ibibazo by’imbere mu Burundi.
Mu bihe bitandukanye, Perezida Évariste Ndayishimiye n’abandi bayobozi bakuru b’u Burundi bagiye bagaragara mu bitangazamakuru mpuzamahanga bavuga ko bafite amakuru y’uko u Rwanda rushaka gutera u Burundi. Ibyo byatumye umwuka urushaho kuba mubi, ku buryo kuva mu ntangiriro za 2024, u Burundi bwafunze imipaka yose yo ku butaka ibuhuza n’u Rwanda.
Ku ruhande rw’u Rwanda, ibi birego byagiye bisobanurwa nk’ibidafite ishingiro, Kigali ivuga ko u Burundi bwahisemo kwifatanya n’ingabo za Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (FARDC), zirwana zifatanyije n’umutwe wa FDLR, umutwe w’iterabwoba ugizwe n’abagize uruhare muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994.
U Rwanda ruvuga ko ubwo u Burundi bwifatanyije na FARDC na FDLR, byahise bibushyira ku ruhande rumwe n’uwo mutwe u Rwanda rumaze imyaka ruvuga ko ugira ingaruka zikomeye ku mutekano warwo no ku karere kose.
Umubano warushijeho kuzamba cyane nyuma y’ifatwa ry’umujyi wa Uvira n’ihuriro rya AFC/M23, aho u Burundi bwashinje u Rwanda kurasa ku butaka bwabwo, bukavuga ko umutekano wabwo wabangamiwe n’ibikorwa bibera muri Kivu y’Amajyepfo.
Mu kiganiro Minisitiri Nduhungirehe yagiranye na France 24 cyasohotse ku wa 18 Ukuboza 2025, yasobanuye ko ibyo birego by’u Burundi bidahura n’ukuri, anavuga ko ahubwo ari u Burundi bwarashe ku butaka bwa RDC.
Ati: “Ibyo si byo. Ahubwo ni ibisasu by’u Burundi byatewe mu mujyi wa Kamanyola, ari na byo byatumye abaturage ba Congo bahungira iwacu mu Rwanda, mu Bugarama.”
Aya magambo yakomeje gushyira ahagaragara ko ikibazo atari amagambo gusa, ahubwo ari ibikorwa bya gisirikare bishobora guteza intambara yeruye mu karere, igihe bitakwitabwaho mu buryo bwa dipolomasi.
Umunyamakuru wa France 24 yabajije niba koko hari ibiganiro byahoraho hagati y’u Rwanda n’u Burundi, Minisitiri Nduhungirehe asubiza ko inama z’inzego z’umutekano atari iza rimwe gusa, ahubwo ko zigomba gukomeza kugira ngo haboneke igisubizo kirambye.
Ati: “Ku ruhande rw’u Burundi, inama yarabaye mu mpera z’iki cyumweru hagati y’inzego z’umutekano za Leta zombi kugira ngo baganire ku mwuka ukomeje kuba mubi. Dutekereza ko izo nama nizikomeza, tuzagera ku gisubizo no ku mwuka mwiza mu karere no gusubira mu murongo wo gukurikiza amasezerano anyuranye y’amahoro.”
Ku rundi ruhande, ikibazo cy’umutekano w’u Rwanda n’u Burundi gihuzwa n’ibiganiro biri kubera ku rwego mpuzamahanga, by’umwihariko ibiganiro bya Washington bihuza u Rwanda na RDC.
Muri ibi biganiro, hashyizweho urwego ruhuriweho rw’umutekano (Joint Security Coordination Mechanism), rugamije gukurikirana ibikorwa byo gusenya burundu umutwe wa FDLR no gukuraho ingamba z’ubwirinzi u Rwanda rwashyizeho ku mipaka yarwo.
Amasezerano y’amahoro hagati y’u Rwanda na RDC yasinywe ku wa 4 Ukuboza 2025, ariko Kigali ivuga ko ataratangira gushyirwa mu bikorwa bitewe n’uko RDC ikomeje imirwano n’ibikorwa bya gisirikare.
FDLR bivugwa ko igizwe n’abarwanyi bari hagati y’ibihumbi 7 n’ibihumbi 10, kandi u Rwanda ruvuga ko benshi muri bo babarizwa mu ngabo za FARDC, zifatanyije n’ingabo z’u Burundi zirenga ibihumbi 20 zoherejwe mu burasirazuba bwa RDC mu ntambara zirwana na AFC/M23.
Minisitiri Nduhungirehe yasoje avuga ko inama z’urwego ruhuriweho rw’umutekano zizongera gusubukurwa, harebwa ku buryo bwo kurandura burundu FDLR no gukuraho ingamba z’ubwirinzi z’u Rwanda, igihe impande zose zizaba zubahirije ibyo zumvikanyeho.
Ibi biganiro biramutse bitanze umusaruro, byaba intambwe ikomeye iganisha ku kugarura icyizere hagati y’u Rwanda n’u Burundi, no guhosha umwuka mubi umaze imyaka uteza umutekano muke mu karere k’ibiyaga bigari.
