Mu gihe amahanga n’abahuza b’amahoro bari bahanze amaso i Washington, aho hari hateganyijwe gusinyirwa amasezerano y’amahoro n’ubufatanye bw’akarere agamije iterambere ry’ubukungu, mu burasirazuba bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC) ibintu byafashe indi ntera.
Mu bice bigize ikibaya cya Rusizi/Ruzizi mu Ntara ya Kivu y’Amajyepfo, hatangiye imirwano ikaze yahinduye icyerekezo cy’intambara, isiga ibibazo bikomeye ku mutekano w’abasivili no ku biganiro by’amahoro.
Iyi mirwano yatangiye ku mugaragaro tariki ya 2 Ukuboza 2025, ubwo ihuriro rigizwe n’ingabo za Leta ya RDC (FARDC), iz’u Burundi, imitwe ya Wazalendo n’umutwe w’iterabwoba wa FDLR byarasaga ibisasu biremereye mu bice byagenzurwaga na AFC/M23 muri teritwari ya Walungu. Aho harimo santere ya Kamanyola na Kaziba, utugari twari twafashwe nk’inkingi y’umutekano mu kibaya cya Ruzizi.
Abakurikirana hafi iyi ntambara bavuga ko iki gitero cyari gifite umugambi urenze igisirikare, kikaba cyari kigamije guhindura uburinganire bw’imbaraga mu gihe ibiganiro by’amahoro byari bigiye kongera gufata umurongo. Ariko, AFC/M23 yari yaramenye aya makuru mbere y’uko igitero gitangira.
Iyi mitwe, izwiho gukoresha ihame ryayo rya gisirikare ryitwa “Gusenyera ikibi aho gituruka”, yasubije inyuma igitero mu buryo bwihuse kandi bukomeye.
Ni muri urwo rwego yafashe santere ya Katogota, ikomeza kumanuka mu majyepfo igera mu Mujyi wa Uvira tariki ya 9 Ukuboza 2025, umujyi ufite agaciro gakomeye mu by’umutekano, ubukungu n’imiyoborere ya Kivu y’Amajyepfo.
Mu kiganiro yahaye The New Times, Umuyobozi wungirije wa AFC/M23 ushinzwe politiki, dipolomasi n’imiyoborere, Bertrand Bisimwa, yasobanuye ko gufata Uvira byari bifitanye isano n’ibyabereye muri Bukavu mbere yaho.
Yagaragaje ko ubwo AFC/M23 yafata Bukavu muri Gashyantare, imitwe ya Wazalendo yahungiye i Uvira, aho yaje gufatanya n’ingabo z’u Burundi n’iza FARDC mu bikorwa byo kurwanya AFC/M23 no gukandamiza abasivili bakekwagaho kuyishyigikira.
Bisimwa yavuze ko Uvira yahindutse ikigo cy’ibikorwa bigamije gufunga inzira zose Abanyamulenge bo muri Komini ya Minembwe bifashishaga bajya ku masoko, ku mavuriro no mu bindi bice by’igihugu. Yabisobanuye nk’ingamba zo kubica urusorongo, aho abaturage babuzwaga uburenganzira bwo kubaho nk’abandi.
Ati: “Banatangiye gukoresha drones mu kwica abaturage batuye muri Minembwe. Byari ibintu biremereye cyane. Ikibazo cyari uko twari kure ya Minembwe, kandi mu nzira harimo inzitizi nyinshi. Ibyo byose byabaga mu bihe by’agahenge, ari na byo byari bituma tutagera aho bari vuba.”
Icyemezo cyo kugera muri Uvira, nk’uko Bisimwa abivuga, cyafashwe AFC/M23 ibifata nk’inshingano yo gutabara abaturage bari mu kaga. Yemeje ko iki gikorwa cyari kigamije guhagarika ubwicanyi, guca politiki y’ivangura n’urwango rushingiye ku moko, no kongera gufungura inzira zijya Minembwe kugira ngo abaturage baho basubirane ubuzima.
Mbere yo gukoresha ingufu za gisirikare, AFC/M23 ivuga ko yagerageje inzira za dipolomasi. Bisimwa yavuze ko bohereje amabaruwa arenga 16 ku bahuza b’amahoro, bagaragaza uko ihuriro ry’ingabo za Leta ya RDC ryakomeje kurenga ku gahenge kemejwe i Doha muri Qatar. Icyakora, ayo mabaruwa yose ngo ntiyigeze asubizwa.
Ati: “Twabonye ko abahuza ari abanyamahanga, kandi nubwo badufasha, ntibumva ibibazo byacu nk’uko twe Abanye-Congo tubyumva. Ni igihugu cyacu, ni yo mpamvu twafashe icyemezo cyo kwikorera inshingano.”
Yongeyeho ko bamwe mu bashyigikiye ibiganiro by’amahoro babwiye AFC/M23 ko ifite uburenganzira bwo kwirwanaho igihe igabweho igitero, ari na byo itegerejeho gukomeza ibikorwa byayo kugeza uyu munsi.
Icyakora, nyuma y’iminsi mike, haje gufatwa icyemezo cyatunguranye cyo kuva mu Mujyi wa Uvira. Mu rukerera rwa tariki ya 16 Ukuboza, Umuyobozi Mukuru wa AFC/M23, Corneille Nangaa, yatangaje ko bazava muri uwo mujyi nk’ingamba yo kubaka icyizere no gufasha ibiganiro bya Doha gusubukurwa. Tariki ya 18 Ukuboza ku mugoroba, AFC/M23 yari yamaze kuwuvamo.
Bisimwa yavuze ko iki cyemezo cyafashwe ibisabwe mu buryo butaziguye na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, kandi ko AFC/M23 yemeye kubyumvira kuko ishyira imbere ibisubizo bya politiki kurusha iby’igisirikare.
Ariko yanibukije ko hari isomo rikomeye ryakuwe ku byabaye i Walikale muri Mata 2025, aho AFC/M23 yari yavuye mu mujyi ariko ingabo za Leta ziwusubiramo zigatangiza ubwicanyi n’ibitero bya drones.
Mu rwego rwo kwirinda ko amateka asubira, AFC/M23 yasabye Amerika ko mu bice ivuyemo hakoherezwa ingabo zitagira uruhande zibogamiyeho, zirinda abasivili barenga miliyoni batuye Uvira n’ibice bihana imbibi. Bisimwa yaburiye ko gusiga ibyo bice nta mutekano n’ubuyobozi byabyara akajagari k’igihugu gisanzwe gihanganye n’intambara z’urudaca.
Ku bijyanye n’ingabo zishobora kurinda Uvira, Bisimwa yagaragaje ko AFC/M23 idafata ingabo zo mu Muryango wa Afurika y’Iburasirazuba (EAC) nk’uruhande rubogamye.
Yibukije ko EAC yari yarohereje ingabo muri Kivu y’Amajyaruguru mu 2022, ariko Leta ya RDC ikaza kuzirukana mu mpera za 2023, izisimbuza izo mu muryango wa Afurika y’Amajyepfo (SADC), zigamije kurwanya AFC/M23.
Yemeje ko iyo EAC itivanga mu ntambara, yari gufasha gukumira imirwano no gushyigikira inzira y’ibiganiro kugeza ku musozo. Kuri we, kongera kohereza ingabo za EAC muri Uvira byafasha cyane kuko ibihugu bigize uwo muryango ari byo bicumbikiye impunzi nyinshi z’Abanye-Congo, bityo bikumva neza uburemere bw’iki kibazo.
Kugeza ubu, aho abarwanyi ba AFC/M23 bari ntiharatangazwa ku mugaragaro. Nta wemeza niba barasubiye muri santere ya Kiliba, niba bari mu misozi yo mu burengerazuba bwa Uvira, cyangwa niba bari ku nkombe z’Ikiyaga cya Tanganyika mu majyepfo y’uwo mujyi.
Bisimwa avuga ko iyi ntambara idafite imirongo ihoraho y’urugamba, kandi ko amakuru ajyanye n’aho ingabo ziherereye agomba kuguma mu ibanga rya gisirikare.
