U Burundi bwakiriye abarwanyi b’umutwe wa FDLR, mu gihe umwuka mubi urushaho kwiyongera hagati yabwo n’u Rwanda, nyuma y’ibyabaye vuba aha muri Kivu y’Amajyepfo muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC).
Ibi bije nyuma y’uko ihuriro rya AFC/M23 ritangiye kwigarurira vuba ibice by’ingenzi mu kibaya cya Rusizi, birimo n’umujyi wa Uvira.
Hagati y’itariki ya 7 n’iya 10 Ukuboza 2025, abarwanyi ba FDLR babarirwa mu magana bambutse berekeza mu Burundi bari kumwe n’abasirikare bagera ku 20,000 bo mu ngabo za RDC (FARDC) n’ihuriro rya Wazalendo.
Benshi banyuze ku kiraro cy’umugezi wa Rusizi, ugabanya u Burundi na RDC, mbere yo kujyanwa mu nkambi z’igihe gito za Cishemere, Kansega, n’ikibuga cy’umupira w’amaguru cya Buganda.
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Muri Buganda, ingabo z’u Burundi zatanze ibiribwa n’ubundi bufasha ku basirikare bagera kuri 1,600 ba FARDC na FDLR, mu gihe bivugwa ko abarwanyi barenga 400 ba Wazalendo batahawe ubwo bufasha. Abasesenguzi bavuga ko ibi bigaragaza ubufatanye u Burundi bumaze igihe kirekire bufitanye na FDLR na FARDC.
Amakuru ya SOS Medias agaragaza ko u Burundi buri gutegura inkambi nini iri kure y’umupaka, izakira abarwanyi ba FDLR, FARDC na Wazalendo, mu gihe bategereje ubufasha bwa Komite Mpuzamahanga ya Croix-Rouge (ICRC). ICRC igira uruhare rukomeye mu gukemura ibibazo by’ubutabazi mu bice by’intambara, birimo guhererekanya imfungwa no gutwara abarwanyi mu mutekano basubizwa muri RDC.
Mu gihe abarwanyi ba FARDC na Wazalendo bashobora gusubira i Kinshasa cyangwa mu bindi bice bigenzurwa na Leta ya RDC, ahazaza h’abarwanyi ba FDLR, haracyari urujijo. Abakurikirana ibi bibazo bari kwibaza niba u Burundi buzabagumana, bukabafata nk’impunzi, cyangwa bukemerera ko basubizwa mu Rwanda.
U Burundi bumaze imyaka myinshi bufitanye umubano wihariye na FDLR. Raporo y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye yo mu 2009 yagaragaje ko intwaro zikoreshwa na FDLR zanyuzwaga mu Burundi zinyuze i Uvira na Fizi. Hari n’amakuru avuga ko mu 2008 u Burundi bwaguze imbunda muri Maleziya zigenewe polisi yabwo, nyuma zigahabwa FDLR mu rwego rwo kungurana n’amabuye y’agaciro.
Kuva ishyaka CNDD-FDD ryajya ku butegetsi mu 2005, bivugwa ko u Burundi bwahaye abarwanyi ba FDLR ahantu ho kwihisha no kurindwa. Amagana yabo yakiriwe i Bujumbura mbere yo koherezwa kurwana mu burasirazuba bwa RDC. Mu bikorwa bya gisirikare nka Kimia II mu 2009, abarwanyi ba FDLR bahungaga imirwano na bo babonye ubuhungiro mu Burundi.
Abayobozi bakuru b’ingabo z’u Burundi, barimo nyakwigendera Jenerali Adolphe Nshimirimana n’abandi basirikare bakuru, bivugwa ko bafatanyaga bya hafi n’abayobozi ba FDLR, babaha ubufasha bw’ubuvuzi, ibikoresho n’inkunga mu igenamigambi. Agricole Ntirampeba, ubu akaba ari ambasaderi w’u Burundi muri RDC, yemeje ko habayeho ubufatanye bwa kera n’abayobozi ba FDLR.
Mu 2015, bivugwa ko u Burundi bwifashishije abarwanyi ba FDLR mu kurinda umurwa mukuru mu gihe cy’imvururu za politiki, bigaragaza uko umubano wabo wari ukomeye. Kuva mu 2022, nyuma y’uko umubano hagati y’u Burundi n’u Rwanda wangirika, Leta y’u Burundi yakomeje gushimangira umubano wayo na FDLR na FLN, ibahuza n’inyungu z’akarere.
U Burundi bwohereje ingabo mu burasirazuba bwa RDC guhera mu 2022, bivugwa ko zakoranye na FDLR muri Masisi n’ahandi. Ubu bufatanye buterwa ahanini n’inyungu za politiki n’ubukungu z’aho hantu, ndetse n’amakimbirane amaze igihe hagati y’imiryango itandukanye.
Mu gihe ingabo za M23 zakomeje gutera imbere, zigirukana ingabo z’u Burundi mu bice bya Kivu y’Amajyaruguru n’iy’Amajyepfo, abarwanyi ba FDLR, FARDC na Wazalendo bashobora kuba igice cy’ingenzi cy’igitero gishya giteganyijwe. Ubu bufatanye butuma bigorana gutandukanya impunzi n’abarwanyi bakora intambara, aho abarwanyi ba FDLR bari mu Burundi bashobora kwitabira ibikorwa bya gisirikare byo kurwanya M23.
Abasivili batuye ku mupaka wa Rusizi n’ibice biwukikije bari mu bwoba bwinshi. Inzira z’ubucuruzi zarahungabanye, amasoko aragorana gukora, kandi imibereho ya buri munsi irimo urujijo. Abasesenguzi b’umutekano baburira ko uruhare rwa FDLR rushobora kurushaho kugora umubano hagati y’u Burundi, u Rwanda na RDC, bigashyira akarere mu kaga k’intambara yaguka.
Kwakira abarwanyi ba FDLR ku Burundi bigaragaza ubushake bw’igihugu bwo kurengera inyungu zacyo no kwitwara mu bihe by’ubwumvikane buke mu karere. Umuryango mpuzamahanga, cyane cyane Umuryango w’Abibumbye na ICRC, ukomeje gukurikirana hafi iby’iki kibazo kubera ingaruka gishobora kugira ku mahoro n’ubutabazi mu karere.
Kuba abarwanyi ba FDLR bari mu Burundi bigaragaza icyiciro gishya mu makimbirane amaze igihe mu karere k’Ibiyaga Bigari. Mu gihe umwuka mubi wambukiranya imipaka ugenda wiyongera, abaturage basivili n’ibihugu bituranyi bari mu bihe byuzuye impungenge. Abakurikirana ibi bibazo bashimangira ko hakenewe dipolomasi yitonze, ubufasha bw’ubutabazi n’igenzura rya hafi kugira ngo hirindwe ko iby’aka karere byakwiroha mu ntambara yagutse kurushaho.
